GETTING START WITH HTML
2021-10-12 12:34 · 7 min read
What is HTML?
HTML is the markup language for creating the structure of Web pages.
- The full form of HTML is Hypertext Markup Language
- Markup means that with HTML you declare what is presented to a viewer, not how it is presented.
- HTML describes the structure of a Web page
- HTML element usually consists of an opening tag <element_name>, a closing tag </element_name>,
- HTML Element names can be thought of as descriptive keywords for the content they contain, such as video, audio, table, footer.
</GETING START WITH HTML>
</Is HTML is a programming language ?>
HTML is sometimes called a programming language but it has no logic, doesn't really “do” anything in the sense that a programming language does, so it is a markup language, not a programming language. HTML tags provide semantic meaning and machine-readability to the content on the page.
Creating a simple web page
The following HTML example creates a simple "Hello World" web page.
HTML files can be created using any text editor. The files must be saved with a .html or .htm extension in order to be recognized as HTML files. Once created, this file can be opened in any web browser.
Example
Here is a simple example of a paragraph element.<p> to print hello world.
The <p> tag represents a common paragraph. Elements commonly have an opening tag and a closing tag. The opening tag contains the element's name in angle brackets (<p>). The closing tag is identical to the opening tag with the addition of a forward slash (/) between the opening bracket and the element's name (</p>). Content can then go between these two tags: <p>This is a simple paragraph.</p>.
<p>Hello World</p>Note: .htm is inherited from the legacy DOS three-character content-Language, file extension limit.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">Content-Language
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Hello!</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Hello world.</p>
</body>
</html>
Simple page break down
These are the tags used in the example:
| Tag | Specification |
|---|---|
| <DOCTYPE> | Defines the HTML version used in the document. In this case, it is HTML5. See the doctypes topic for more information |
| <html> | Opens the page. No markup should come after the closing tag (</html>). The lang attribute declares the primary language of the page using the ISO language codes (en for English). See the Content-Language topic for more information. |
| <head> | Opens the head section, which does not appear in the main browser window but mainly contains information about the HTML document, called metadata. It can also contain imports from external stylesheets and scripts. The closing tag is </head> |
| <meta> | Gives the browser some metadata about the document. The charset attribute declares the character encoding. Modern HTML documents should always use UTF-8, even though it is not a requirement. In HTML, the <meta> tag does not require a closing tag. See the Meta topic for more information. |
| <title> | The title of the page. Text written between this opening and the closing tag (</title>) will be displayed on the tab of the page or in the title bar of the browser. |
| <body> | Opens the part of the document displayed to users, i.e. all the visible or audible content of a page. No content should be added after the closing tag </body>. |
| <h1> | A level 1 heading for the page. See headings for more information. |
| <p> | Represents a common paragraph of text. |
A DOCTYPE must consist of the following components, in this order:
therefore the following DOCTYPEs are also valid:
A string that is an ASCII case-insensitive match for the string "<!DOCTYPE"
Note: <!doctype html>
<!dOCtyPe html>
<!DocTYpe html>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<!--head start-->
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Hello!</title>
</head>
<!--head end-->
<!--Body start-->
<body>
<!--h1 heading start-->
<h1>Hello world.</h1>
<!--h1 heading end-->
<!--paragraph start-->
<p>Hello world.</p>
<!--paragraph end-->
</body>
<!--Body end-->
</html>